The radii on skis can vary largely, and are normally suited to the style of ski. A ski with a smaller sidecut radius will make smaller tighter turns when the ski is being carved, whereas a ski with a larger sidecut radius will make larger turns. The radius of the sidecut (or R) is normally written on the top of the ski somewhere with a measurement in metres. The curve shape on the edge of the ski is called the sidecut, and will have a sidecut radius which is determined by the effective radius that the curve has. If the ski is tilted onto an edge, this curve will try and lead the ski around in a circular path. This is because the edges have been shaped so that they curve along the sides of the ski. If you look at a ski you will see that it is wider at the tip and tail than it is in the middle. Although if you do have large scratches, it is best if they are down the length of the ski, and are not too close to the edges. For general skiing as long the ski is kept well waxed, the amount of scratches on the bottom will not make much difference. The base of a ski can get scratched if the ski goes over hard objects such as stones. They are always a dark black colour, and are most commonly found on racing orientated skis. The best types of bases are sintered hybrids that have graphite and other materials in them, they hold wax even better and are even faster. Quickly summed up, sintered bases are superior to extruded bases as they are more durable, faster and hold wax better, but at the same time are more expensive and more difficult to repair. The different types of bases and their properties are covered in more detail in the Ski Construction page. This makes different types of bases have different properties, which can make them faster, stronger or able to hold more wax than other types. There are different qualities of P-Tex, extruded and sintered constructions, and different additives that can be used. Ski bases are made of P-Tex, a polyethylene plastic, and can vary in many different ways. These are covered in more detail in the Ski Construction page. There are many different types of wax that can be used, usually suited to different temperatures of snow, although some also have different additives in them. Keeping a base well waxed is the most important thing to keep the ski base fast and in good condition. The wax is normally applied by melting the wax into the base with a hot waxing iron, although there are less effective waxes that can be applied cold. To make a ski base slide nicely on snow and to keep it in good condition, a special wax is applied to the base. Generally when looking to buy skis the base will not be something you consider much, although it is still a very important part of a ski.
The base is the area on the bottom of the ski that comes into contact with the snow.
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